Yoyamba: Choyamba, mitengo yamitengo yaku China motsutsana ndi Canada yatsitsidwa

Malinga ndi ofesi ya woimira zamalonda ku United States (USTR), msonkho wa US pa katundu wa China ukhoza kusintha zotsatirazi:

Mitengo yamtengo wapatali ya $ 250 biliyoni ($ 34 biliyoni + $ 16 biliyoni + $ 200 biliyoni) imakhalabe yosasinthika pa 25%;

Misonkho pa $300 biliyoni ya katundu wa mndandanda idadulidwa kuchoka pa 15% kufika pa 7.5% (sanagwire ntchitobe);

$300 biliyoni B mndandanda wakuyimitsidwa kwazinthu (zogwira ntchito).

Chachiwiri: Kunyenga komanso kupeka pamapulatifomu a e-commerce

Mgwirizanowu ukuwonetsa kuti China ndi United States zikuyenera kulimbikitsa mgwirizano kuti limodzi ndi payekhapayekha kuthana ndi kuba ndi kuba m'misika yama e-commerce.Mbali zonse ziwiri ziyenera kuchepetsa zopinga zomwe zingatheke kuti ogula azitha kupeza zovomerezeka pa nthawi yake ndikuwonetsetsa kuti malamulo amatetezedwa ndi kukopera, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, apereke malamulo ogwira ntchito pa nsanja za e-commerce kuti achepetse piracy ndi chinyengo.

Dziko la China likuyenera kupereka njira zolimbikitsira kuti omwe ali ndi ufulu athe kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu poletsa kuphwanyidwa kwa chilengedwe cha cyber, kuphatikiza zidziwitso zogwira mtima ndikutsitsa machitidwe, kuthana ndi zophwanya malamulo.Kwa nsanja zazikulu za e-commerce zomwe zimalephera kuchitapo kanthu pothana ndi kuphwanya kwa nzeru, mbali zonse ziwiri zidzachitapo kanthu polimbana ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zabodza kapena zachinyengo pamapulatifomu.

China iyenera kulamula kuti nsanja za e-commerce zomwe zimalephera mobwerezabwereza kuletsa kugulitsa zinthu zabodza kapena zabodza zitha kuthetsedwa ziphaso zawo pa intaneti.Dziko la United States likufufuza njira zina zothanirana ndi kugulitsa zinthu zabodza kapena zabodza.

Kulimbana ndi piracy pa intaneti

1. China ipereka njira zoyendetsera malamulo kuti omwe ali ndi ufulu athe kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu komanso moyenera motsutsana ndi zophwanya malamulo pa intaneti, kuphatikiza zidziwitso zogwira mtima ndikutsitsa machitidwe, poyankha kuphwanya malamulo.

2. China: (一) kupempha kuchotsedwa msanga kwa katunduyo;

(二) kumasulidwa kuudindo wopereka chidziwitso chochotsa molakwika ndi chikhulupiriro chabwino;

(三) kuwonjezera nthawi yoperekera madandaulo oweruza kapena oyang'anira mpaka masiku 20 ogwira ntchito atalandira chidziwitso;

(四) kuwonetsetsa kutsimikizika kwa chidziwitso chochotsa ndi chidziwitso chotsutsa pakufuna kuperekedwa kwa chidziwitso choyenera mu chidziwitso ndi chidziwitso chotsutsa, ndikuyika zilango pa chidziwitso chopereka njiru ndi chidziwitso chotsutsa.

3. Dziko la United States likutsimikizira kuti ndondomeko zotsatila malamulo ku United States zimalola mwiniwakeyo kuti achitepo kanthu motsutsana ndi kuphwanya malamulo a cyber.

4. Maphwandowo avomereza kuti aganizirenso mgwirizano womwe uli woyenerera kuthana ndi kuphwanya malamulo a pa intaneti. +

Kuphwanya pa nsanja zazikulu za e-commerce

1. Pamapulatifomu akuluakulu a e-commerce omwe amalephera kuchitapo kanthu kuti athetse kuphwanyidwa kwa ufulu waumwini, mbali zonse ziwiri zidzachitapo kanthu pofuna kuthana ndi kufalikira kwa zinthu zachinyengo kapena zachinyengo pamapulatifomu.

2. China inene kuti nsanja za e-commerce zomwe zimalephera mobwerezabwereza kuletsa kugulitsa zinthu zabodza kapena zachinyengo zitha kuthetsedwa ziphaso zawo pa intaneti.

3. Dziko la United States likutsimikizira kuti dziko la United States likuphunzira njira zina zothanirana ndi kugulitsa zinthu zachinyengo kapena zachinyengo.

Kupanga ndi kutumiza kunja kwa zinthu zachinyengo komanso zabodza

Umbava komanso chinyengo zimawononga kwambiri zofuna za anthu komanso omwe ali ndi ufulu ku China ndi United States.Onse awiri azichitapo kanthu kuti aletse kupanga ndi kugawa zinthu zabodza komanso zachinyengo, kuphatikiza zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri thanzi la anthu kapena chitetezo chamunthu.

Kuwononga katundu wabodza

1. Pankhani ya malire, maphwando adzanena:

(一) kuwononga, pokhapokha ngati pachitika zochitika zapadera, zinthu zomwe kumasulidwa kwake kwayimitsidwa ndi miyambo yakumaloko pazifukwa zakuba kapena umbava komanso zomwe zalandidwa ndikulandidwa zinthu zofunidwa kapena zabodza;

(二) sizokwanira kuchotsa chizindikiro chabodza cholumikizidwa mosaloledwa ndi chilolezo kuti katunduyo alowe munjira yamalonda;

(三) Pokhapokha muzochitika zapadera, akuluakulu oyenerera sadzakhala ndi nzeru zilizonse kulola kutumizidwa kunja kwa zinthu zachinyengo kapena zachinyengo kapena kulowa mumayendedwe ena akadaulo.

2. Pankhani ya milandu yachiwembu, opanikizawo anena izi:

(一) pa pempho la mwiniwake waufulu, zinthu zomwe zimadziwika kuti ndi zabodza kapena zachinyengo, pokhapokha pazifukwa zapadera, zidzawonongedwa;

(二) pa pempho la yemwe ali ndi ufulu, dipatimenti yoweruza idzalamula kuti chiwonongeko chiwonongeko nthawi yomweyo popanda chipukuta misozi ndi zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa malonda.

(三) kuchotsedwa kwa chizindikiro chabodza cholumikizidwa mosaloledwa sikokwanira kulola kuti katunduyo alowe munjira yamalonda;

(四) dipatimenti yoweruza milandu, pa pempho la woyenerera, idzalamula wochita chinyengo kuti alipire phindu lochokera pakuphwanyidwa kapena chipukuta misozi chokwanira kubweza zotayika zomwe zachitika chifukwa chophwanya malamulowo.

3. Pankhani yokhazikitsa malamulo okhudza kuphwanya malamulo, mbali zonse zidzanena kuti:

(一) kupatula pazochitika zapadera, akuluakulu a zamalamulo adzalamula kulandidwa ndi kuwonongedwa kwa zinthu zonse zachinyengo kapena zachinyengo ndi zinthu zomwe zili ndi zizindikiro zachinyengo zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kugwirizanitsa katunduyo;

(二) Pokhapokha muzochitika zapadera, akuluakulu amilandu adzalamula kulandidwa ndi kuwonongedwa kwa zipangizo ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zachinyengo kapena zachinyengo;

(三) wotsutsa sadzalipidwa mwanjira iliyonse chifukwa cholandidwa kapena kuwonongedwa;

(四) dipatimenti yoweruza milandu kapena madipatimenti ena oyenerera azisunga mndandanda wazinthu ndi zinthu zina zomwe ziyenera kuwonongedwa, ndi

Ali ndi luntha losunga kwakanthawi zinthuzo kuti ziwonongeke kuti zisungidwe umboni pomwe mwiniwakeyo amudziwitsa kuti akufuna kuchitapo kanthu motsutsana ndi woimbidwa mlandu kapena wolakwira wina.

4. United States ikutsimikizira kuti miyeso yamakono ya United States imapereka chithandizo chofanana ndi zomwe zili m'nkhaniyi.

Chachitatu: Ntchito zoyendetsera malire

Pansi pa mgwirizanowu, mbali zonse ziwiri ziyenera kudzipereka kulimbikitsa mgwirizano wazamalamulo kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa zinthu zachinyengo komanso zachinyengo, kuphatikiza zotumiza kunja kapena kutumiza.China iyenera kuyang'ana kwambiri pakuwunika, kulanda, kulanda, kulanda kwa oyang'anira ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zina zoyendetsera kasitomu motsutsana ndi kutumiza kapena kutumiza katundu wabodza ndi ziwembu ndikupitiliza kuonjezera chiwerengero cha ogwira ntchito zamalamulo ophunzitsidwa bwino.Njira zomwe dziko la China liyenera kuchita ndikuwonjezera maphunziro azamasitomu m'miyezi isanu ndi inayi kuchokera pomwe mgwirizanowu udayamba;Onjezani kwambiri kuchuluka kwa zomwe akuchita pakadutsa miyezi 3 kuchokera tsiku lomwe mgwirizanowu udachitika ndikusintha zoyeserera pa intaneti kotala.

Chachinayi: "chizindikiro chanjiru"

Pofuna kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha zizindikiro, mbali zonse ziwiri zidzaonetsetsa chitetezo chokwanira komanso chogwira ntchito komanso kulimbikitsa maufulu a zizindikiro zamalonda, makamaka pofuna kuthana ndi kulembetsa zizindikiro zoipa.

Chachisanu: ufulu wazinthu zanzeru

Maphwandowa adzapereka zithandizo zachibadwidwe ndi zilango zaupandu zokwanira kuletsa kuba kapena kuphwanya nzeru zamtsogolo.

Monga njira zosakhalitsa, dziko la China liyenera kuletsa kuthekera kwa kuba kapena kuphwanya ufulu wachidziwitso, ndikulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito chithandizo ndi chilango chomwe chilipo, motsatira malamulo okhudzana ndi katundu wanzeru, kudzera njira yoyandikira kapena kufika ku Chilango chachikulu chalamulo chidzapatsidwa chilango chokhwima, kuletsa kuthekera kwa kuba kapena kuphwanya ufulu wachidziwitso chaumwini, komanso njira zotsatila, ziyenera kupititsa patsogolo malipiro ovomerezeka, kundende ndi chindapusa chochepa ndi malire, kuletsa kuba kapena kuphwanya ufulu wachidziwitso m'tsogolomu.