Eyokuqala: Okokuqala, umrhumo waseTshayina ngokuchasene neCanada wehlisiwe

Ngokwe-ofisi yommeli worhwebo wase-United States (USTR), umrhumo wase-US kwizinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zaseTshayina zixhomekeke kolu tshintsho lulandelayo:

Iintlawulo kwi-250 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zeempahla (i-34 yeebhiliyoni zeebhiliyoni + i-$ 16 yezigidigidi + i-$ 200 yeebhiliyoni) zihlala zingatshintshi kwi-25%;

Uluhlu lweerhafu kwiidola ezingama-300 eebhiliyoni zeempahla eziluluhlu lwacuthwa ukusuka kwi-15% ukuya kwi-7.5% (alukasebenzi);

I-300 yeebhiliyoni zeebhiliyoni zeerandi ze-B zokunqunyanyiswa kweempahla (ezisebenzayo).

Emibini: Ubuqhetseba kunye nenkohliso kumaqonga e-e-commerce

Isivumelwano sibonisa ukuba i-China kunye ne-United States kufuneka zomeleze intsebenziswano ukuze ngokudibeneyo kwaye umntu ngamnye alwe ubuqhetseba kunye nenkohliso kwiimarike ze-e-commerce.Omabini amacala kufuneka anciphise imiqobo enokwenzeka ukwenzela ukuba abathengi bafumane umxholo osemthethweni ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye baqinisekise ukuba umxholo womthetho ukhuselwe yi-copyright, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, unikeze ukuthotyelwa komthetho osebenzayo kwiiplatifti ze-e-commerce ukwenzela ukunciphisa ubuqhetseba kunye nenkohliso.

I-China kufuneka ibonelele ngeenkqubo zonyanzeliso ukwenzela ukuba abanini malungelo bathathe amanyathelo asebenzayo kunye akhawulezileyo ngokuchasene nokwaphulwa kwemeko ye-cyber, kubandakanywa nesaziso esisebenzayo kunye nokunciphisa iinkqubo, ukujongana nolwaphulo-mthetho.Kwiiplatifti ezinkulu ze-e-commerce ezingaphumeleli ukuthatha amanyathelo ayimfuneko ukujongana nokuphulwa kwepropathi yengqondo, amaqela omabini aya kuthatha amanyathelo asebenzayo ukulwa nokwanda kwezinto ezikhohlisayo okanye ezihlaselweyo kwiiplatifomu.

I-China kufuneka ilawule ukuba amaqonga orhwebo e-e-commerce ahlala engaphumeleli ekuthinteleni ukuthengiswa kweempahla zomgunyathi okanye ezomgunyathi zinokurhoxiswa iilayisensi zazo ezikwi-Intanethi.IUnited States ifunda iindlela ezongezelelekileyo zokulwa ukuthengiswa kweempahla zomgunyathi okanye ezomgunyathi.

Ukulwa nobutsotsi be-Intanethi

1. I-China iya kubonelela ngeenkqubo zokuthotyelwa komthetho ukwenzela ukuba abanini malungelo bathathe amanyathelo asebenzayo nakhawulezileyo ngokuchasene nokwaphulwa kwemeko ye-cyber, kubandakanywa nesaziso esisebenzayo kunye nokunciphisa iinkqubo, ekuphenduleni ukophulwa.

2. I-China iya : (一) icele ukususwa ngokukhawuleza kwesitokhwe;

(二) ukuba akhululwe kuxanduva lokungenisa isaziso sokususwa ngokungafanelekanga ngentembeko entle;

(三) ukwandisa umda wexesha lokufaka isikhalazo senkundla okanye solawulo ukuya kwiintsuku ze-20 zokusebenza emva kokufumana isaziso esiphikisayo;

(四) ukuqinisekisa ukuba semthethweni kwesaziso sokususa kunye nesaziso esiphikisayo ngokufuna ukungeniswa kolwazi olufanelekileyo kwisaziso kunye nesaziso esiphikisayo, kunye nokuwisa izohlwayo kwisaziso sokungeniswa okukhohlakeleyo kunye nesaziso esichasayo.

3. I-United States iqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zangoku zokuthotyelwa komthetho e-United States zivumela umnini-lungelo ukuba athathe inyathelo ngokuchasene nokwaphulwa kwemeko ye-cyber.

4. Amaqela ayavuma ukuqwalasela intsebenziswano eyongezelelekileyo njengoko kufanelekile ukulwa nolwaphulo-mthetho lwe-Intanethi

Ukwaphulwa kwamaqonga amakhulu e-e-commerce

1. Kwiiplatifti ezinkulu ze-e-commerce ezingaphumeleli ukuthatha amanyathelo ayimfuneko ukulungisa ukunyhashwa kwamalungelo epropathi yengqondo, amaqela omabini aya kuthatha amanyathelo asebenzayo ukulwa nokuxhaphaka kwempahla yomgunyathi okanye yepirated kumaqonga.

2. I-China kufuneka ichaze ukuba iiplatifti ze-e-commerce ezingaphumeleli ngokuphindaphindiweyo ekuthinteleni ukuthengiswa kwezinto zomgunyathi okanye ezobuqhetseba zinokurhoxiswa iilayisensi zazo ze-intanethi.

3. I-United States iqinisekisa ukuba i-United States ifunda imilinganiselo eyongezelelweyo yokulwa nokuthengiswa kwezinto zomgunyathi okanye zepirated.

Imveliso kunye nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kweemveliso ezirhwaphiliziweyo nezomgunyathi

Ubuqhetseba kunye nenkohliso yonakalisa kakhulu umdla woluntu kunye nabanini malungelo e-China nase-United States.Omabini amaqela aya kuthatha inyathelo elizinzileyo nelisebenzayo ukuthintela ukuveliswa kunye nokusasazwa kweemveliso zomgunyathi kunye nezobuqhetseba, kubandakanywa nezo zinempembelelo enkulu kwimpilo yoluntu okanye kukhuseleko lomntu.

Tshabalalisa iimpahla zomgunyathi

1. Ngokumalunga nemilinganiselo yomda, amaqela aya kumisela:

(一) ukutshabalalisa, ngaphandle kweemeko ezikhethekileyo, izinto zorhwebo eziye zanqunyanyiswa ngamasiko asekuhlaleni ngezizathu zobuqhetseba okanye ubuqhetseba nezithinjwe zathinjwa izinto ezinqwenelekayo okanye zomgunyathi;

(二) akwanelanga ukususa uphawu lokuthengisa olungeyonyani oluncanyathiselwe ngokungekho mthethweni ukuvumela ukuba impahla ingene kumjelo worhwebo;

(三) ngaphandle kweemeko ezikhethekileyo, abasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo abayi kuba nangqiqo phantsi kwazo naziphi na iimeko ukuvumela ukuthunyelwa kwempahla yomgunyathi okanye yokuthengisa izinto ezithengiswayo okanye ukungena kwezinye iinkqubo zesithethe.

2. Ngokumalunga nenkqubo yenkundla yembambano, amaqela aya kumisela:

(一) ngesicelo somnini malungelo, izinto zorhwebo ezichongiweyo njengezomgunyathi okanye ezirhwaphiliziweyo ziya kutshatyalaliswa, ngaphandle kwakwiimeko ezikhethekileyo;

(二) ngesicelo somnini wamalungelo, isebe lenkundla liya kuyalela ukutshatyalaliswa kwangoko ngaphandle kwembuyekezo yezixhobo kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso.

(三) ukususwa kophawu lomgunyathi oluncanyathiselwe ngokungekho mthethweni akwanelanga ukuvumela imveliso ukuba ingene kumjelo worhwebo;

(四) isebe lezobulungisa liya kuthi, ngokwesicelo sesinyanzeliso, liyalele umntu ongumgunyathi ukuba ahlawule izibonelelo ezifunyenwe kulwaphulo-mthetho okanye imbuyekezo eyaneleyo yokuhlawula ilahleko ebangelwe lulwaphulo-mthetho.

3. Ngokumalunga neenkqubo zokunyanzeliswa kolwaphulo-mthetho, amaqela aya kumisela ukuba:

(一) ngaphandle kwakwiimeko ezizodwa, iziphathamandla zenkundla ziyakuyalela ukuthinjwa kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwazo zonke iimpahla zomgunyathi okanye ezomgunyathi kunye neempahla ezineempawu zomgunyathi ezinokusetyenziselwa ukuncamathelisa kwizinto ezo;

(二) ngaphandle kweemeko ezikhethekileyo, amagunya enkundla aya kuyalela ukuthinjwa kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwezixhobo kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziswa ikakhulu ekwenzeni izinto zomgunyathi okanye ezibiweyo;

(三) ummangalelwa akayi kuhlawulwa ngalo naluphi na uhlobo lokuhluthwa okanye ukutshatyalaliswa;

(四) isebe lezomthetho okanye amanye amasebe afanelekileyo aya kugcina uluhlu lwezinto zorhwebo kunye nezinye izinto eziza kutshatyalaliswa, kwaye

Unengqiqo yokulondoloza okwethutyana izinto ekutshatyalalisweni ukugcina ubungqina xa umniniyo emxelela ukuba unqwenela ukuzisa isenzo soluntu okanye solawulo ngokuchasene nommangalelwa okanye umntu wesithathu owaphula umthetho.

4. I-United States iqinisekisa ukuba imilinganiselo yangoku yase-United States inika unyango olulinganayo kumalungiselelo eli nqaku.

Ezintathu: Imisebenzi yokunyanzeliswa kwemida

Phantsi kwesi sivumelwano, omabini la macala kufuneka azibophelele ekomelezeni intsebenziswano yonyanzeliso lomthetho ukunciphisa ubuninzi beempahla zomgunyathi kunye nezobuqhetseba, kubandakanywa ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe okanye ukuthunyelwa.I-China kufuneka igxininise ekuhloleni, ukuhlutha, ukuhlutha, ukuthinjwa kolawulo kunye nokusebenzisa amanye amagunya okunyanzeliswa kwezithethe ngokuchasene nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle okanye ukuthunyelwa kwezinto zomgunyathi kunye nezobuqhetseba kunye nokuqhubeka nokwandisa inani labasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe bomthetho.Amanyathelo aza kuthathwa yi-China abandakanya uqeqesho olwandisiweyo lwabasebenzi bonyanzeliso lwempahla yempahla ngaphandle kweenyanga ezilithoba zokuqalisa ukusebenza kwesi sivumelwano;Ukwandisa ngokuphawulekayo inani lezenzo zonyanzeliso phakathi kweenyanga ezi-3 zomhla wokuqalisa kwesi sivumelwano kunye nokuhlaziya izenzo zokunyanzeliswa kwe-intanethi ngekota.

Isine:"uphawu lwentengiso olukhohlakeleyo"

Ukuze kuqiniswe ukukhuselwa kweempawu zorhwebo, omabini amaqela aya kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko olupheleleyo nolusebenzayo kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwamalungelo ophawu, ngakumbi ukulwa nokubhaliswa kophawu lokuthengisa olubi.

Eyesihlanu: amalungelo epropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda

Amaqela aya kubonelela ngamancedo oluntu kunye nezohlwayo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezaneleyo ukuthintela ubusela bexesha elizayo okanye ukunyhashwa kwepropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda.

Njengoko amanyathelo exeshana, China kufuneka athintele ukuba kungenzeka isenzo ubusela okanye ukunyhashwa kwamalungelo epropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda, kunye nokomeleza isicelo isiqabu ekhoyo kunye nesohlwayo, ngokungqinelana nemithetho yepropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda, ngendlela ekufutshane okanye efikelelweyo. esona sohlwayo sisemthethweni siya kunikwa isohlwayo esiqatha, sithintele ukuba nokwenzeka kwesenzo sobusela okanye ukunyhashwa kwamalungelo epropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda, kwakunye namanyathelo okulandelela, kufuneka kuphuculwe imbuyekezo esemthethweni, ukuvalelwa entolongweni kunye nezohlwayo ngokobuncinane kunye nowona mda uphezulu. thintela isenzo sobusela okanye ukunyhashwa kwamalungelo epropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda kwixesha elizayo.